Order Online! Now! Get your $50 coupon for online order.Order Online! Now! Get your $50 coupon for online order.
Cancer Prevention Month: Get ACRO Health Gift Cards! Cancer Prevention Month: Get ACRO Health Gift Cards!
Request a FREE sample of our GMP products! Request a FREE sample of our GMP products!
Fill out organ-on-a-chip questionnaire to win a FREE gift! Fill out organ-on-a-chip questionnaire to win a FREE gift!
>
Insights >
Accelerated Progress: Spike Protein Mutations on B.1.617 Identified and Studied After the sharp rise in COVID-19 cases and deaths in India over recent weeks, at least 20 countries have imposed travel bans and restrictions to and from India. The world again stands at a crossroad of the viral evolution.
When the Indian variants were first reported, scientists were alerted by the simultaneous occurrence of two potent mutations on the viral spike protein, namely E484Q and L452R5, both conferring higher infectivity and immune evasion. Thanks to the accelerated progress of sequence collection and analysis from all over India, much more has now been learned about the combined effect of these two mutations as well as other mutations harbored by the variants, designated B.1.617 by PANGOLIN classification.
Based on a phylogenetic study by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)6, a total of 23 non-synonymous changes at the spike protein were observed from the retrieved sequences, of which 7 common signature mutations were identified (G142D, E154K, L452R, E484Q, D614G, P681R, Q1071H). The study further classified the B.1.617 lineages into three sub-clusters, which differ in their exact mutations. Notably, T95I was shared by a clade of sequences; second H1101D and third V382L, V1175Y (Figure.1.).
Figure.1. A phylogenetic tree of representative SARS-CoV-2 genomes and the occurring mutations in the spike protein in the sub-clusters pf lineage B.1.617.
Researchers proposed several explanations for the violent spread of B.1.617 in India: 1) both L452R and E484Q have a more stabilizing effect on spike protein that could mediate more efficient binding to human ACE2 receptor, leading to increased host cell entry4; 2) P681R in the S1/S2 furin cleavage site may facilitate more robust proteolytic activation of the spike protein, ensuing enhanced infectivity2; 3) the new combinations of mutations confer stronger immune evasion, e.g. reduced binding by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and incompatibility of current vaccines3.
The augmented fitness of B.1.617 was confirmed by neutralizing tests with convalescent or vaccinated sera against the mutated spike protein. In a recent study that appeared in the pre-print repository medRxiv3, plasma from COVID-19 convalescent patients demonstrate diminished neutralization against the variant as compared to the Wuhan WT spike protein, but the reduction in neutralizing capability was limited to 2-fold and less potent than B.1.351 (~6-fold reduction) (Figure.2A.). In the neutralization test with serum from Comirnaty/BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine) vaccinated individuals, less efficient inhibition of viral entry mediated by B.1.617 spike protein was observed, but also less pronounced (~3-fold reduction) than that of B.1.351 (>11-fold reduction) (Figure.2B.).
Figure.2A) Diminished neutralization by plasma from COVID-19 convalescent patients against SARS-CoV-2 WT, B.1.351, and B.1.617. 2B) Diminished neutralization by plasma from Comirnaty/BNT162b2 vaccinated patients against SARS-CoV-2 WT, B.1.351, and B.1.617.
Results obtained by ICMR found that recipients of Bharat Biotech's BBV152 (Covaxin) were able to neutralize VUI B.1.617 although with a slightly lower efficacy6.
Figure.3. Neutralizing response of the individual sera (n=28) vaccinated with BBV152 (Covaxin) collected during phase II clinical trial for the prototype B1 (D614G) (pink), B.1.1.7 (red), B.1.617 (blue).
These preliminary studies yield necessary findings that may help prevent massive transmission of the variant. Certainly, to introduce appropriate public health interventions in the future, continuous genomic surveillance is needed to monitor the mutations on B.1.617 and other emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2.
ACROBiosystems has accelerated the development of B.1.617 recombinant antigens accordingly to help better understand the transmissibility and infectivity of the variant.
India variant
S.A. variant
UK variant
Brazil variant
California variant
other S & N mutants
Molecule | Cat.No. | Tag | Host | Product description | Species | Preorder/Order |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spike RBD | SPD-C52Hv | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD (L452R, E484Q), His Tag | B.1.617 | |
Spike RBD | SPD-C82Ec | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD (L452R, E484Q), His,Avitag™ | B.1.617 | |
Spike S1 | S1N-C52Ht | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 (T95I, G142D, E154K, L452R, E484Q, D614G, P681R), His Tag | B.1.617 | |
Spike S1 | S1N-C82E4 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 (T95I, G142D, E154K, L452R, E484Q, D614G, P681R), His,Avitag™ | B.1.617 | |
Spike protein | SPN-C52Hr | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Spike Trimer (T95I, G142D, E154K, L452R, E484Q, D614G, P681R, Q1071H), His Tag | B.1.617 | |
Spike protein | SPN-C82E7 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 Spike Trimer (T95I, G142D, E154K, L452R, E484Q, D614G, P681R, Q1071H), His,Avitag™ | B.1.617 | |
Spike NTD | S1D-C52Hf | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Spike NTD (T95I, G142D, E154K), His Tag | B.1.617 | |
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52Hn | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (R203M, D377Y), His Tag | B.1.617 |
Molecule | Cat.No. | Tag | Host | Product description | Species | Preorder/Order |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S protein | SPN-C52H3 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein (D614G), His Tag, Super stable trimer (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S protein | SPN-C82E3 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 S protein (D614G), His,Avitag™, Super stable trimer (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S protein | SPN-C52Hk | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein (L18F, D80A, D215G, 242-244del, R246I, K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G, A701V) trimer, His Tag (MALS verified) | B.1.351 | |
S protein | SPN-C82E4 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 S protein (L18F, D80A, D215G, 242-244del, R246I, K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G, A701V) trimer, His,Avitag™ (MALS verified) | B.1.351 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C5256 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (D614G), His Tag | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C82E3 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (D614G), His,Avitag™ | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C52Hm | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein (L18F, D80A, D215G, R246I, K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G), His Tag | B.1.351 | |
S1 protein | S1D-C5256 | Fc Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein (L18F, D80A, D215G, LAL242-244del, R246I, K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G), Fc Tag | B.1.351 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C52Hn | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein (E484K, D614G), His Tag | B.1.351/P.1 | |
S1 protein NTD | S1D-C52Hc | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein NTD (L18F, D80A, D215G, 242-244del, R246I), His Tag (MALS verified) | B.1.351 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C52Hs | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein RBD (K417N), His Tag (MALS verified) | B.1.351 | |
S protein RBD | SRD-C52H3 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (E484K), His Tag (MALS verified) | B.1.351 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C52Hp | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (K417N, E484K, N501Y), His Tag (MALS verified) | B.1.351 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C5256 | Fc Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein RBD (K417N, E484K, N501Y), Fc Tag (MALS verified) | B.1.351 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C82E5 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 S protein RBD (K417N, E484K, N501Y), His,Avitag™ | B.1.351 | |
S2 protein | S2N-C52Hc | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S2 protein (A701V), His Tag | B.1.351 | |
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52Hd | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (T205I), His Tag | B.1.351 |
Molecule | Cat.No. | Tag | Host | Product description | Species | Preorder/Order |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S protein | SPN-C52H3 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein (D614G), His Tag, Super stable trimer (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S protein | SPN-C82E3 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 S protein (D614G), His,Avitag™, Super stable trimer (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S protein | SPN-C52H6 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein (HV69-70del, Y144del, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A, D1118H), His Tag (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7 | |
S protein | SPN-C82E5 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 S protein (HV69-70del, Y144del, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A, D1118H) trimer, His,Avitag™ (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C52Hd | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (HV69-70del), His Tag | B.1.1.7 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C52Hc | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (Y144del), His Tag | B.1.1.7 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C52Hb | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (P681H), His Tag | B.1.1.7 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C52Hk | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (HV69-70del, N501Y, D614G), His Tag | B.1.1.7 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C52Hr | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein (HV69-70del, Y144del, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H), His Tag | B.1.1.7 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C52Hg | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (N501Y), His Tag | B.1.1.7/B.1.351 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C52H9 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (A570D), His Tag | B.1.1.7 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C5256 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (D614G), His Tag | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C82E3 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (D614G), His,Avitag™ | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S1 protein | S1D-C5254 | Fc Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein (HV69-70del, Y144del, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H), Fc Tag | B.1.1.7 | |
S1 protein NTD | S1D-C52Hd | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein NTD (HV69-70del, Y144del), His Tag (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C82E6 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 S protein RBD (N501Y), His,Avitag™ (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C52Hn | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (N501Y), His Tag (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7/B.1.351 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C5253 | Fc Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein RBD (N501Y), Fc Tag (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7 | |
S2 protein | S2N-C52Hd | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S2 protein (T716I, S982A, D1118H), His Tag | B.1.1.7 | |
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52H8 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (D3L, R203K, G204R, S235F), His Tag | B.1.1.7 |
Molecule | Cat.No. | Tag | Host | Product description | Species | Preorder/Order |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S protein | SPN-C52H3 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein (D614G), His Tag, Super stable trimer (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S protein | SPN-C82E3 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 S protein (D614G), His,Avitag™, Super stable trimer (MALS verified) | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S protein | SPN-C52Hg | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein (L18F, T20N, P26S, D138Y, R190S, K417T, E484K, N501Y, D614G, H655Y, T1027I, V1176F), His Tag (MALS verified) | P.1 | |
S protein | SPN-C82E6 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 S protein (L18F, T20N, P26S, D138Y, R190S, K417T, E484K, N501Y, D614G, H655Y, T1027I, V1176F) trimer, His,Avitag™ (MALS verified) | P.1 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C5256 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (D614G), His Tag | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C82E3 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein (D614G), His,Avitag™ | B.1.1.7/B.1.351/P.1 | |
S1 protein | S1D-C5253 | Fc Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein (L18F, T20N, P26S, D138Y, R190S, K417T, E484K, N501Y, D614G, H655Y), Fc Tag | P.1 | |
S1 protein | S1N-C52Hp | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein (L18F, T20N, P26S, D138Y, R190S, K417T, E484K, N501Y, D614G, H655Y), His Tag | P.1 | |
S1 protein NTD | S1D-C52He | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein NTD (L18F, T20N, P26S, D138Y, R190S), His Tag (MALS verified) | P.1 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C52Ht | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein RBD (K417T), His Tag (MALS verified) | P.1 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C52Hr | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein RBD (K417T, E484K, N501Y), His Tag (MALS verified) | P.1 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C82E7 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 S protein RBD (K417T, E484K, N501Y), His,Avitag™ | P.1 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C5258 | Fc Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein RBD (K417T, E484K, N501Y), Fc Tag (MALS verified) | P.1 | |
S2 protein | S2N-C52He | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S2 protein (T1027I, V1176F), His Tag | P.1 |
Molecule | Cat.No. | Tag | Host | Product description | Species | Preorder/Order |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1 protein | S1N-C52Hs | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein (W152C, L452R, D614G), His Tag | B.1.427/B.1.429 | |
S protein RBD | SPD-C52He | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (L452R), His Tag | B.1.427/B.1.429 | |
Spike RBD | SPD-C82E3 | His Tag & Avi Tag | HEK293 | Biotinylated SARS-CoV-2 S protein RBD (L452R), His,Avitag™ | B.1.427/B.1.429 |
Molecule | Cat.No. | Tag | Host | Product description | Species | Preorder/Order |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52Hm | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (P13L), His Tag | ||
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52Hc | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (P80R), His Tag | P.1 | |
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52H5 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (D103Y), His Tag | ||
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52He | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (S194L), His Tag | ||
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52H6 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (S197L), His Tag | ||
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52H3 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (S202N), His Tag | ||
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52H9 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (L230F), His Tag | ||
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52Hf | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (I292T), His Tag | ||
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52H4 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (Q384H), His Tag | ||
Nucleocapsid protein | NUN-C52Hg | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein (R203K, G204R), His Tag | ||
S protein | SPN-C52Hd | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S protein (F817P, A892P, A899P, A942P, K986P, V987P), His Tag (MALS verified) | ||
S1 protein NTD | S1D-C52H8 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein NTD (A222V), His Tag (MALS verified) | ||
S1 protein NTD | S1D-C52H7 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 protein NTD (N234Q), His Tag | ||
S1 protein NTD | S1D-C52H5 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein NTD (A262S), His Tag (MALS verified) | ||
S1 protein NTD | S1D-C52H4 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein NTD (P272L), His Tag (MALS verified) | ||
S protein RBD | SPD-S52H5 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (N354D), His Tag | ||
S protein RBD | SPD-S52H4 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (V367F), His Tag | ||
S protein RBD | SPD-S52H8 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (R408I), His Tag | ||
S protein RBD | SPD-S52H7 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (W436R), His Tag | ||
S protein RBD | SPD-C52Hg | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (N439K), His Tag (MALS verified) | ||
S protein RBD | SRD-C52H2 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (N440K), His Tag (MALS verified) | ||
S protein RBD | SPD-C52Hk | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (Y453F), His Tag (MALS verified) | ||
S protein RBD | SPD-C52Hd | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (A475V), His Tag | ||
S protein RBD | SPD-C52H4 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (G476S), His Tag | ||
S protein RBD | SPD-C52Hm | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (S477N), His Tag (MALS verified) | ||
S protein RBD | SPD-C52H5 | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (V483A), His Tag | ||
S protein RBD | SPD-C52Hf | His Tag | HEK293 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S protein RBD (F490L), His Tag |
>>> If you have any customized inquiries or suggestions for new mutants, please click here.
Reference:
2. Cherian, S., Potdar, V., Jadhav, S., et al. Convergent evolution of SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations, L452R, E484Q and P681R, in the second wave of COVID-19 in Maharashtra, India. bioRxiv 2021.04.22.440932; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.22.440932
3. Hoffmann, M., Hofmann-Winkler, H., Krüger, N., et al. SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.617 is resistant to Bamlanivimab and evades antibodies induced by infection and vaccination. bioRxiv 2021.05.04.442663; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.04.442663
4. Kumar, V., Singh, J., Hasnain, S. E., Sundar, D. Possible link between higher transmissibility of B.1.617 and B.1.1.7 variants of SARS-CoV-2 and increased structural stability of its spike protein and hACE2 affinity. bioRxiv 2021.04.29.441933; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.29.441933
5. Ranjan, P., Neha, Devi, C., Das, P., et al. Bioinformatics analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD mutant variants and insights into antibody and ACE2 receptor binding. bioRxiv 2021.04.03.438113; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.03.438113
6. Yadav, P. D., Sapkal, G. N., Abraham, P., et al. Neutralization of variant under investigation B.1.617 with sera of BBV152 vaccinees. bioRxiv 2021.04.23.441101; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.23.441101
>>> Tracking of Variants from GISAID
Markus Hoffmann, Heike Hofmann-Winkler, Nadine Krüger, et.al
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.04.442663
Vipul Kumar1, Jasdeep Singh, Seyed E. Hasnain, Durai Sundar
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.29.441933
Neutralization of variant under investigation B.1.617 with sera of BBV152 vaccinees
Pragya D. Yadav, Gajanan N. Sapkal, Priya Abraham, M.D
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.23.441101
Sarah Cherian, Varsha Potdar, Santosh Jadhav, et al.
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.22.440932
Prashant Ranjan, Neha, Chandra Devi1and Parimal Das
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.03.438113
Antibody Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Variants B.1.351 and B.1.1.7
Pengfei Wang, Manoj S. Nair, Lihong Liu et al
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.25.428137
SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 escapes neutralization by South African COVID-19 donor plasma
Constantinos Kurt Wibmer, Frances Ayres, Tandile Hermanus et al
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.18.427166
Allison J. Greaney, Andrea N. Loes, Katharine H.D. Crawford et al
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.31.425021
Volz, Mishra*, Chand et al
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.30.20249034
Estimated transmissibility and severity of novel SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern 202012/01 in England
Davies, Barnard, Jarvis et al
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.24.20248822
Leung, Shum, Leung et al
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.20.20248581
Mutation Landscape of SARS-CoV-2 in Africa
Nassir, Musanabaganwa, Mwikarago
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.20.423630
Major new lineages of SARS-CoV-2 emerge and spread in South Africa during lockdown
Tegally, Wilkinson, Lessells et al
doi: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.10.28.20221143v1
Tegally, Wilkinson, Giovanetti et al
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.21.20248640
Early transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa: An epidemiological and phylogenetic report
Giandharia, Pillaya, Wilkinson et al
Int J Infect Dis(2020)11, 128
doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.128
Brief report: New Variant Strain of SARS-CoV-2 Identified in Travelers from Brazil
January 12, 2021
National Institute of Infectious Diseases, JAPAN
Researchers Discover New Variant of COVID-19 Virus in Columbus, Ohio
January 13, 2021
The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
This web search service is supported by Google Inc.