Interleukin 38 (IL-38) is a newly discovered IL-1 family cytokine, expressed in several tissues and secreted by various cells. IL-38 exerts anti-inflammatory function by binding to a variety of receptors, including interleukin 36 receptor (IL-36R), interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein-like 1 (IL-1RAPL1) and interleukin 1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1)) Combines with other pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibits subsequent signaling pathways; thereby regulating the differentiation and function of T cells, peripheral blood monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Inflammatory autoimmune disease is a common immune-mediated inflammatory syndrome characterized by an imbalance between helper T cells (Ths) (especially Th1s and Th17s) and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Recent findings indicate that IL-38 is abnormally expressed in inflammatory autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjogren’s syndrome, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease , Hidradenitis suppurativa, ankylosing spondylitis and glaucoma, including Th1. Tregs.